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San Paolo Maggiore, also known as San Paolo Decollato, is a Baroque-style, Roman Catholic basilica church located on Via Carbonari #18 in Bologna, region of Emilia-Romagna, Italy. ==History== The church was commisssioned between 1606 and 1611 by the Barnabites from the architect Ambrogio Magenta or Mazenta. Patronage for this church was mainly derived from the Prince Virgilio Spada, brother of Cardinal Bernardino Spada. The Barnabites, also known as the ''Clerics Regular of St Paul'', named this church as ''Maggiore'' to distinguish it from two other San Paolo's in Bologna. Between 1634 and 1636 the facade was built to designs by Ercole Fichi. The facade, in brick and stone, has statues of ''St Peter'' and ''Paul'', respectively by Domenico Maria Mirandola and G. Cruventi.〔(Guida storico-statistica monumentale dell'Italia ) (1857) page 287.〕 During the Napoleonic invasion, the Barnabites were suppressed, and the church was made a parish church in 1819. Closed again later, it was reconsecrated in 1878. In 1959 it was restored to the Barnabites, and two years later raised to the designation of Minor Basilica by pope John XIII.〔(Bologna sacra: tutte le chiese in due millenni di storia ), by Marcello Fini, page 177.〕 Inside the building, the vaults were frescoed with scenes of the ''St Paul in the Areopagus of Athens'' by Antonio and Giuseppe Rolli. Antonio died after a fall from a scaffold, and the work was completed by his brother. The cupola, apse, sacristy and two chapels in the transept were frescored with quadratura by Pietro Farina, and figures by Giuseppe Antonio Caccioli〔(Touring Club of Italy ), entry on church.〕 The main altar (1643-1650) features a dramatic marble sculptural group ''Beheading of St Paul'' (sculpted in Rome in 1634, but not in place till 1644) by Alessandro Algardi. Algardi also completed the bronze plaques on the altar. His works wee commissioned by the Prince Spada.〔(Historical Dictionary of Baroque Art and Architecture ), by Lilian H. Zirpolo, The Scarecrow Press, 2010, page 359.〕 The architectural setting of the altar, described by some as a Baldacchino, has Corinthian columns and a protruding portico is based on a design attributed to the architect Borromini.〔(European Art of the Seventeenth Century ), by Rosa Giorgi, page 185.〕〔(Touring club Italiano ) entry.〕 The church altars have masterpieces by Guercino and Giuseppe Maria Crespi. In the second chapel is a canvas depicting ''Paradise'' by Lodovico Carracci.〔(Bologna Welcome ) entry on church.〕 Nicolo Tornioli painted a ''Cain Killing Abel'' and ''Jacob wrestling with angel'' for the church. In the third chapel has a ''Nativity'' and ''Adoration of the Magi'' by Giacomo Cavedoni, with a ''Flight to Egypt'', ''Circumcision'', and ''Jesus among the Doctors'' in the ceiling. The fourth chapel has a ''St Gregory shows God the Father to the Souls in Purgatory'' by Guercino. The wooden choir stalls are highly decorated with engravings. The eighth chapel has a ''Communion of St Jerome'' by Lucio Massari. The ninth chapel has a ''Baptism of Jesus'', ''Birth'', and ''Death of St John'' the Baptist by Giacomo Cavedoni.〔(Guida storico-statistica monumentale dell'Italia ) (1857) page 287.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「San Paolo Maggiore, Bologna」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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